‘Freedom’ through repression: epistemic closure in agricultural trade negotiations

Title WTO Negotiations and Other Agricultural Trade Issues in Japan

A “Modified Prisoners’ Dilemma” Approach to Progress in the World Trade Organization’s Agricultural Trade Negotiations

Implications of the US Farm Bill of 2002 for agricultural trade and trade negotiations *

The US Farm Bill of 2002 is the latest in a 7-decade history of farm subsidy laws that transfer funds to farmers and regulate and subsidize production of selected commodities. Fruit, tree nut, ornamental and vegetable crops, hay and meats remain outside scope of main subsidy programs. The new law continues many innovations of the 1996 Act, such as removal of authority for annual land idling and...

DRAFT Epistemic Closure in Context

1. Epistemic closure The general principle of epistemic closure stipulates that epistemic properties are transmissible through logical means. The principle of epistemic closure under known entailment (ECKE), a particular instance of epistemic closure (EC), has received a good deal of attention since the last thirty years or so. ECKE states that: if one knows that p, and she knows that p entails...

Epistemic Closure and Skepticism

Closure is the epistemological thesis that if S knows that P and knows that P implies Q, then if S infers that Q, S knows that Q. Fred Dretske acknowledges that closure is plausible but contends that it should be rejected because it conflicts with the plausible thesis: Conclusive reasons (CR): S knows that P only if S believes P on the basis of conclusive reasons, i.e., reasons S wouldn’t have ...